Ministan Kudi na Tarayyar Nirmala Sitaraman ya gabatar da Binciken Tattalin Arziki na 2022-23 a Majalisa.
Karin bayanai na Binciken Tattalin Arziki 2022-23: Tuba Kan Ci gaban Karkara
Binciken ya nuna cewa kashi 65 cikin 2021 (bayanan 47) na al’ummar kasar suna zaune ne a yankunan karkara kuma kashi XNUMX na al’ummar kasar sun dogara ne kan noma don rayuwa. Don haka, mayar da hankali ga gwamnati a yankunan karkara ci gaba wajibi ne. Gwamnatin ta ba da muhimmanci wajen inganta rayuwar al’umma a yankunan karkara domin tabbatar da samun ci gaba mai inganci da daidaito. Manufar shigar da gwamnati cikin tattalin arzikin karkara shine "canza rayuwa da rayuwa ta hanyar haɗa kai da tattalin arziƙin jama'a, haɗin kai, da ƙarfafa yankunan karkarar Indiya."
Binciken yana nuni ne da bayanan Binciken Kiwon Lafiyar Iyali na ƙasa na 2019-21 wanda ke nuna gagarumin ci gaba a cikin 2015-16 a cikin tsararrun alamomi game da ingancin rayuwar karkara, gami da, alia, samun wutar lantarki, kasancewar Ingantattun hanyoyin ruwan sha, ɗaukar nauyi a ƙarƙashin tsare-tsaren inshorar lafiya, da dai sauransu. Har ila yau, ƙarfafa mata ya sami ci gaba, tare da ci gaba a bayyane a cikin shigar da mata a cikin yanke shawara na gida, mallakar asusun banki, da amfani da wayar hannu. Yawancin alamomin da suka shafi lafiyar mata da yara na karkara sun inganta. Wadannan kididdigar da ta dace da sakamako sun tabbatar da ci gaba mai ma'ana a cikin yanayin rayuwar karkara, tare da taimakon manufofin mayar da hankali kan abubuwan more rayuwa da ingantaccen aiwatar da shirin.
Binciken ya yi la'akari da hanya mai ban sha'awa don haɓaka kudaden shiga na karkara da ingancin rayuwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban makircinsu.
1. Rayuwa, Ci gaban fasaha
Aikin Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM), yana da nufin baiwa iyalai masu rauni damar samun sana'ar dogaro da kai da ƙwararrun guraben aikin yi na albashi wanda ke haifar da dorewar zaɓuɓɓukan rayuwa iri-iri. Wannan dai na daya daga cikin manyan tsare-tsare na inganta rayuwar talakawa a duniya. Tushen manufa shine tsarinta na 'al'umma' wanda ya samar da babban dandamali ta hanyar cibiyoyi na al'umma don karfafa mata.
Matan karkara su ne jigon shirin wanda ya mayar da hankali sosai kan karfafa musu gwiwa da tattalin arzikinsu. Kusan 4lakh lakh Self Help Group (SHG) an horar da su a matsayin Community Resource Persons (CRPs) (wato Pashu Sakhi, Krishi Sakhi, Bank Sakhi, Bima Sakhi, Poshan Sakhi da dai sauransu) taimakawa wajen aiwatar da Ofishin Jakadancin a kasa. matakin. Ofishin Jakadancin ya tattara jimlar mata 8.7 crore daga al'ummomin matalauta da marasa galihu zuwa SHGs lakh 81.
A karkashin Tsarin Garanti na Aiki na Karkara na Mahatma Gandhi (MGNREGS) adadin gidaje crore 5.6 sun amfana kuma an samar da aikin yi na kwanaki 225.8 na mutum a karkashin Tsarin (har zuwa 6 ga Janairu 2023). Yawan ayyukan da aka yi a karkashin MGNREGS ya karu a hankali tsawon shekaru, tare da ayyukan lakh 85 da aka kammala a cikin FY22 da lakh 70.6 da aka kammala a cikin FY23 (kamar yadda a ranar 9 ga Janairu 2023). Wadannan ayyuka sun hada da samar da kadarorin gida kamar rumbun dabbobi, tafkunan gona, rijiyoyi da aka tona, gonakin noman noma, ramukan noman ramuka da dai sauransu, inda mai cin gajiyar yana samun duka farashin aiki da na kayan aiki kamar yadda aka saba. A zahiri, a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na shekaru 2-3, an lura cewa waɗannan kadarorin suna da tasiri mai kyau a kan yawan amfanin gona, abubuwan da suka shafi samar da kayayyaki, da samun kuɗin shiga kowane gida, tare da mummunan alaƙa da ƙaura da faɗuwar bashi, musamman ma. daga kafofin da ba na hukumomi ba. Wannan, bayanin binciken yana da fa'ida na dogon lokaci don taimakawa rarrabuwar kuɗaɗen shiga da kuma ba da juriya ga rayuwar karkara. A halin yanzu, Binciken Tattalin Arziki kuma yana lura da raguwar shekara-shekara (YoY) a cikin buƙatun kowane wata don aikin Tsarin Garanti na Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa na Mahatma Gandhi (MGNREGS) kuma wannan bayanin binciken yana fitowa ne daga daidaita tattalin arzikin karkara saboda haɓakar aikin gona mai ƙarfi. da kuma dawo da sauri daga Covid-19.
Har ila yau, ci gaban fasaha ya kasance daya daga cikin abubuwan da gwamnati ta mayar da hankali. A karkashin Deen Dayal Upadhyya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), har zuwa ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 2022, an horas da jimillar ’yan takara 13,06,851 wanda 7,89,685 suka samu gurbin aiki.
2. Karfafa Mata
Ƙarfin sauye-sauye na Ƙungiyoyin Taimakawa Kai (SHGs), waɗanda aka misalta ta hanyar muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa a cikin martanin ƙasa ga Covid-19, ya zama ci gaban ci gaban karkara ta hanyar ƙarfafa mata. Indiya tana da kusan crore 1.2 SHGs, kashi 88 cikin 1992 duk mata ne SHGs. Shirin haɗin gwiwar Bankin SHG (SHG-BLP), wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 14.2, ya bunƙasa cikin aikin ƙananan kuɗi mafi girma a duniya. SHG-BLP ya ƙunshi iyalai crore 119 ta hanyar 47,240.5 lakh SHGs tare da ajiyar ajiya na Rs. 67 crore da kungiyoyin lakh 1,51,051.3 tare da lamuni na kyauta wanda ya wuce Rs. 31 crore, kamar yadda akan 2022 Maris 10.8. Adadin kiredit na SHGs ya karu a CAGR na 13 bisa dari a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata (FY22 zuwa FY96). Musamman ma, biyan kuɗin banki na SHGs ya fi kashi XNUMX cikin ɗari, yana mai jaddada horo da amincin su.
SHGs na tattalin arziki na mata suna da tasiri mai kyau, ƙididdiga mai mahimmanci akan ƙarfafa mata na tattalin arziki, zamantakewa, da siyasa, tare da tasiri mai kyau akan ƙarfafawa da aka samu ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar sanin yadda ake tafiyar da kudi, yanke shawara na kudi, ingantattun hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa, mallakar kadara da rarraba rayuwa. .
Dangane da wani kima na kwanan nan na DAY-National Rural Relihood Mission, duka mahalarta da masu aiki sun fahimci babban tasirin shirin a fannonin da suka shafi karfafa mata, haɓaka girman kai, haɓaka ɗabi'a, rage ɓarna a cikin zamantakewa; Bugu da ƙari, matsakaicin tasiri ta fuskar ingantaccen ilimi, yawan shiga cikin cibiyoyin ƙauye da samun damar yin amfani da tsare-tsaren gwamnati.
A lokacin Covid, SHGs sun kasance a cikin aiki don tara mata don haɗin kai, ƙetare asalin ƙungiyarsu tare da ba da gudummawa tare don magance rikici. Sun fito ne a matsayin ƙwararrun ƴan wasa a cikin magance rikice-rikice, suna jagoranci daga gaba - samar da abin rufe fuska, masu hana ruwa gudu, da kayan kariya, haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar, isar da kayayyaki masu mahimmanci, gudanar da dafa abinci na al'umma, tallafawa rayuwar gonaki da sauransu. Samar da abin rufe fuska ta SHGs yana da. ya kasance abin lura mai mahimmanci, yana ba da damar shiga da amfani da abin rufe fuska ta al'ummomi a yankunan karkara masu nisa da kuma ba da muhimmiyar kariya daga kwayar cutar ta Covid-19. Ya zuwa ranar 4 ga Janairu 2023, sama da crore 16.9 crore SHGs ne suka samar da su a ƙarƙashin DAY-NRLM.
Matan karkara suna ƙara shiga harkar tattalin arziki. Binciken ya lura da haɓakar haɓakar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Mata (FLFPR) daga kashi 19.7 a cikin 2018-19 zuwa kashi 27.7 a cikin 2020-21. Binciken ya kira wannan yunƙuri a cikin FLFPR a matsayin kyakkyawan ci gaba a fannin aikin yi, wanda za a iya danganta shi da hauhawar abubuwan more rayuwa da ke ba da lokacin mata, da haɓakar noma a cikin shekaru. A halin yanzu binciken ya kuma lura cewa LFPR mata na Indiya mai yiwuwa ba za a yi la'akari da shi ba, tare da yin gyare-gyare a cikin ƙirar binciken da abubuwan da ake buƙata don kama gaskiyar mata masu aiki daidai.
3. Gida ga kowa
Gwamnati ta fitar da "Housing for All by 2022" don samar da matsuguni da mutunci ga kowa da kowa. Tare da wannan manufa, an ƙaddamar da Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana –Gramin (PMAY-G) a cikin Nuwamba 2016 da nufin samar da kusan gidaje crore pucca crore tare da abubuwan more rayuwa ga duk magidanta marasa gida da suka cancanta da ke zaune a kutcha da kuma gurɓatattun gidaje a yankunan karkara nan da 3 A karkashin tsarin, an baiwa masu cin gajiyar gidaje fifiko mafi girma wajen rabon gidaje. An sanya wa gidaje miliyan 2024 takunkumi sannan an kammala gidaje miliyan 2.7 a ranar 2.1 ga Janairu 6 a karkashin Tsarin. A kan jimillar da aka yi niyya na kammala gidaje lakh 2023 a cikin FY52.8, an kammala gidaje 23.
4. Ruwa da Tsaftar muhalli
A ranar 'yancin kai na 73, 15 ga Agusta, 2019, an ba da sanarwar Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), wanda za a aiwatar da shi tare da haɗin gwiwar Jihohi, don samar da su nan da 2024, haɗin ruwan famfo ga kowane gida na karkara da cibiyoyin jama'a a ƙauyuka kamar makarantu, cibiyoyin Anganwadi. , Ashram shalas (makarantun zama na kabilanci), cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da dai sauransu A lokacin da aka kaddamar da shirin JJM a watan Agustan 2019, kimanin gidaje 3.2 crore (kashi 17) daga cikin 18.9 crore gidaje na karkara sun sami ruwan famfo. Tun bayan kaddamar da Ofishin Jakadancin, daga ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2023, na gidaje crore 19.4, gidaje miliyan 11.0 suna samun ruwan famfo a gidajensu.
Ofishin Jakadancin Amrit Sarovar ya yi niyya don haɓakawa da sabunta raƙuman ruwa 75 a kowace gunduma na ƙasar a lokacin Amrit Varsh - shekara ta 75 ta samun 'yancin kai. Gwamnati ce ta kaddamar da aikin a ranar Panchayati Raj ta kasa a shekarar 2022. A kan wani hari na farko na Amrit Sarovars 50,000, an gano jimillar 93,291 Amrit Sarovar shafukan yanar gizo, an fara ayyukan a kan fiye da shafuka 54,047 kuma daga cikin wadannan wuraren an fara ayyukan. An gina duka Amrit Sarovars 24,071. Manufar ta taimaka wajen haɓaka crore cubic mita na ruwa iya aiki da kuma haifar da jimlar yuwuwar iskar carbon na 32 na carbon a kowace shekara. Manufar ta rikide zuwa gagarumin motsi tare da Shram Dhaan daga al'umma, inda Freedom Fighters, Padma Awardees da kuma dattijan jama'ar yankin su ma sun shiga tare da kafa Ƙungiyoyin Masu Amfani da Ruwa. Wannan tare da kaddamar da Jaldoot App da ke taimakawa Gwamnati wajen rubutawa tare da lura da albarkatun ruwa na kasa da matakin ruwan gida zai sa karancin ruwa ya zama tarihi.
Mataki na II na Ofishin Jakadancin Swachh Bharat (G) yana kan aiwatarwa daga FY21 zuwa FY25. Yana da nufin canza duk ƙauyuka zuwa ODF Plus tare da mai da hankali don dorewar matsayin ODF na ƙauyuka da rufe duk ƙauyukan tare da tsarin sarrafa shara da ƙarfi. Indiya ta samu matsayin ODF a duk kauyukan kasar a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2019. Yanzu, an ayyana kusan kauyuka 1,24,099 a matsayin ODF Plus har zuwa Nuwamba 2022 a karkashin aikin. An ayyana tsibirin Andaman da Nicobar a matsayin 'Swachh, Sujal Pradesh' na farko tare da ayyana duk ƙauyukansa a matsayin ODF da ƙari.
5. Gidajen Karkara Kyauta
Sakin haɗin gwiwar LPG crore 9.5 a ƙarƙashin Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, ya taimaka wajen haɓaka ɗaukar hoto daga kashi 62 cikin ɗari (a ranar 1 ga Mayu 2016) zuwa kashi 99.8 cikin ɗari (a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2021). Kasafin kudin Tarayyar na FY22, ya yi tanadi don sakin ƙarin haɗin haɗin LPG crore guda ɗaya a ƙarƙashin tsarin PMUY, watau Ujjwala 2.0 - wannan tsarin zai ba da haɗin haɗin LPG kyauta, cika farko da farantin zafi kyauta ga masu cin gajiyar. da kuma sauƙaƙe tsarin rajista. A wannan lokaci, an ba da wurin aiki na musamman ga iyalai masu ƙaura. A karkashin wannan tsarin na Ujjwala 2.0, an fitar da hanyoyin sadarwa 1.6 crore har zuwa 24 ga Nuwamba 2022.
6. Kayayyakin Karkara
Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana ya taimaka ƙirƙirar 1,73,775 adadin hanyoyi masu auna 7,23,893 kilomita da 7,789 Long Span Bridges (LSBs) a kan takunkumin, 1,84,984 hanyoyi masu auna 8,01,838 kilomita 10,383 da gadar Span XNUMX. LSBs) a ƙarƙashin duk tsaka-tsakin sa yana nuna binciken. Binciken ya lura cewa an gudanar da bincike daban-daban na tantance tasiri mai zaman kansa kan PMGSY, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa shirin ya yi tasiri mai kyau a kan noma, kiwon lafiya, ilimi, ci gaban birane, samar da ayyukan yi da dai sauransu.
7. SAUBHAGYA- Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, an kaddamar da shi ne don cimma nasarar samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ga duk magidanta da ba su da wutar lantarki a yankunan karkara da duk magidanta masu son rai a biranen kasar nan. An ba da haɗin gwiwar kyauta ga gidaje masu fama da talauci kuma ga wasu, an karɓi Rs 500 bayan sakin haɗin a cikin kashi 10. An kammala shirin na Saubhagya cikin nasara kuma an rufe shi a ranar 31 ga Maris 2022. Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY), ya ba da shawarar samar da kayan aikin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun a ƙauyuka da wuraren zama, ƙarfafawa & haɓaka kayan aikin da ake da su, da kuma ƙididdige injinan ciyarwa da rarrabawa. /masu amfani don inganta inganci da amincin samar da wutar lantarki a yankunan karkara. Magidanta crore 2.9 ne aka samar da wutar lantarki tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da lokacin Saubhagya a cikin Oktoba 2017 a ƙarƙashin tsare-tsare daban-daban wato (Saubhgaya, DDUGJY, da sauransu).
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Cikakken rubutu na Survey yana samuwa a mahada
Taron manema labarai na Babban Mashawarcin Tattalin Arziki (CEA), Ma'aikatar Kuɗi
