"Ba wani yanki na gine-gine ba, kamar yadda sauran gine-gine suke, amma girman kai na ƙaunar sarki da aka yi a cikin duwatsu masu rai" – Sir Edwin Arnold
Indiya tana da manyan wuraren tarihi da abubuwan tarihi masu ban sha'awa kuma ziyartar su hanya ce mai ban sha'awa don sanin tarihin ƙasar. Idan akwai wuri ɗaya ko abin tunawa wanda nan take aka gane kuma yayi daidai da asalin Indiya, shine kyakkyawan Taj Mahal. Ya kasance a bakin kogin Yamuna a arewacin birnin Agra na Indiya, Uttar Pradesh, alama ce ta kyakkyawa, ƙauna da girman kai mara mutuwa. Babu shakka wani babban abin tarihi na Indiya wanda aka fi sani da shi wanda ke jan hankalin mutane da yawa daga ko'ina cikin duniya kowace shekara.
Kalmar 'Taj Mahal' ita ce haɗin 'Taj' ma'anar rawani da 'Mahal' ma'anar fada (a cikin Farisa), a zahiri tana fassara zuwa 'kambin fadar'. Sarkin Mughal na biyar Shah Jahan ne ya ba da izini a shekara ta 1632 a lokacin mulkinsa a cikin daular Mughal a Indiya kusan 1628-1658 AD. Ya so ya gina wannan katafaren katafaren kabari ne domin tunawa da kyakkyawar matarsa Mumtaz Mahal wadda ta kasance abin so a gare shi kuma ta rasu a shekara ta 1631. Wannan kabari zai gina wani kabari (wajen binne) inda za a binne ta. Kyawawan gine-gine da girman darajar Taj Mahal sun yi rajistar ta a cikin ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan al'ajabi bakwai na duniya da aka zaɓa a cikin 2000 da 2007.
Ginin Taj Mahal ya dauki ma'aikata 20,000 (masu gine-gine, masu sassaƙa dutse, masu zane-zane da masu sana'a) daga ko'ina cikin Indiya da tsakiyar Asiya a cikin tsawon shekaru 20 kuma an kashe jimillar rupees miliyan 32 na Indiya (daidai da sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 1 a lokacin). . Shah Jahan ya kasance mutum ne mai son fasaha, ya ƙi kusan ɗaruruwan ƙira kafin ya amince da abin da muke gani a yau. An yi imanin babban wanda ya zana Taj Mahal shi ne Ustad Ahmed Lahori, masanin gine-ginen Farisa, wanda kuma ake kyautata zaton ya kera shahararriyar Red Fort a New Delhi.
A lokacin, jigilar kayan gini na bukatar giwaye 1000. Ko da a cikin karni na 17 zane na wannan kyakkyawan abin tunawa ya kasance mai ƙarfi sosai don lokacinsa kuma ya ɗan karkata a waje don hana shi halaka daga kowace irin bala'i (guguwa, girgizar kasa da sauransu) a nan gaba.
Tsarin Taj Mahal ya yi amfani da ra'ayoyi da salo daga bambance-bambancen tsarin gine-gine da suka hada da Indiya, Farisa, Musulunci da Turkiyya kuma kusan ana kiransa da "zenith" na gine-ginen Mughal. Babban mausoleum an yi shi ne da Farin Marmara, yayin da ginin kagara ya kasance da Jajayen Sandstone. Hotunan buga ba su yi adalci ga girman Taj Mahal ba saboda tsayinsa ya kusan ƙafa 561 a matsayin cibiyar tsakiya zuwa kadada 51 na kyakkyawan katafaren gida. Wannan katafaren katafaren gini da ke kewayen tsarin tsakiya ya kunshi wata kofa ta ado sosai, lambun zane, tsarin ruwa mai ban mamaki da inganci da masallaci.
Babban tsarin tsakiya na Taj Mahal wanda tsarin kubba ne yana kewaye da ginshiƙai guda huɗu (ko minaret) a kusurwoyi huɗu kuma wannan alamar a cikin gine-ginen nasa yana haɓaka kyawunsa. A waje na Taj Mahal an lulluɓe shi da ƙayatattun kayan adon kamar duwatsu masu daraja da suka haɗa da opal, lapis, jad da farar bangon marmara.
Taj Mahal yana nuna hasken sararin sama daga rana da wata. Da safe a lokacin fitowar rana sai ya bayyana launin ruwan hoda, da tsakar rana ya bayyana fari, yayin faɗuwar rana da yamma ya bayyana kyakkyawa zinariya kuma a cikin hasken wata yana bayyana azurfa. Abin mamaki hakika. Tun da aka gina abin tunawa ga matarsa, launuka masu canzawa - a matsayin jihar masana tarihi - yana wakiltar yanayin matarsa (mace). Abin baƙin ciki ga Shah Jahan, yana da matukar baƙin ciki na shekaru 8 na rayuwarsa wanda ya yi amfani da shi a cikin Agra Fort (yanayin da ke da nisan kilomita 2.7 daga Taj Mahal) bayan dansa, Aurangzeb wanda shi ne Mughal na gaba ya kama shi. sarki.
An yi imanin cewa Shah Jahan ya shafe shekarunsa na ƙarshe yana kallon Taj Mahal daga sansanin a lokacin da yake bauta, yana tunawa da ƙauna da ƙaunataccen matarsa Mumtaz. Bayan rasuwarsa an binne shi tare da matarsa a kabarin Taj Mahal.
Bayan faduwar daular Mughal da kuma lokacin mulkin Birtaniyya a Indiya, lambunan da ke cikin rukunin Taj Mahal an yi su da manyan lawn na Ingilishi waɗanda muke gani a yau. Taj Mahal, wurin Tarihi na UNESCO tun 1983 kuma Binciken Archaeological Survey na Indiya ya kula da shi, a yau ya shahara sosai tare da masu yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Yana samun ƙafar kusan baƙi miliyan 7 zuwa 8 a shekara, tare da sama da miliyan 0.8 daga wajen Indiya. Ita ce ta biyar mafi shahara a duniya kuma ta biyu a Asiya ta mujallar Traveler. Tun lokacin rani a Indiya ba shi da kyau, lokaci mafi kyau don ziyarci Taj Mahal shine daga Oktoba zuwa Maris. Ana rufe ranar Juma'a ko da yake ana buɗewa da rana don musulmi su gabatar da sallarsu. Don kauce wa lalacewa ga tsarin, ana ba da takalman fararen takarda ga masu yawon bude ido da suke so su yi yawo a cikin mausoleum.
Daga dukkan shaidun tarihi, labarai da labaran tarihi, Taj Mahal an san shi a matsayin alama ta gaskiya ta soyayya da sadaukarwar Shah Jahan ga matarsa Mumtaz. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun gine-ginen gine-gine kuma da gaske alama ce ta baƙin ciki, mai raɗaɗi amma mai ban sha'awa na soyayyar sarauta.